Hrr Upgrade to Mass Loss Calorimeter and Modified Schlyter Test for Fr Wood

نویسنده

  • Charles R. Boardman
چکیده

Enhanced Heat Release Rate (HRR) methodology has been extended to the Mass Loss Calorimeter (MLC) and the Modified Schlyter flame spread test to evaluate fire retardant effectiveness used on wood based materials. Modifications to MLC include installation of thermopile on the chimney walls to correct systematic errors to the sensible HRR calculations to account for radiant energy losses to the chimney walls. Additionally, pure ethylene glycol for low flame radiant losses and the PMMA for high flame radiant losses supplanted the use of methane for calibrating the sensible HRR. The FPL 3 MW HRR hood facility, updated with fast and accurate O2, CO2, and CO gas analyzers, was shown to provide accuracy within 0.5 kW as determined with the pure ethylene glycol burned in the MLC under the HRR hood. Thus the performance measure in the modified Schlyter fire test has been objectively determined with the HRR measure of upward fire growth, rather than based on the manually observed maximum flame height. Using the MLC for initial Fire Retardant (FR) screening and the modified Schlyter flame spread test for emulating severe fires should provide a low cost approach to evaluating fire retardant effectiveness. * This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and it is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Natural Rubber/Dendrimer Modified Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Mechanical and Flame-Retardant Properties

A series of flame-retardant nanocomposites were established based on compounding of natural rubber (NR) and dendrimer modified flame-retardant organic montmorillonite (FR-DOMt). The merits of these nanocomposites were focused on their better mechanical and flame-retardant properties. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy...

متن کامل

Evaluation of the combustion characteristics of railroad waste using a cone calorimeter

For this study, we categorized waste from railroad operation into seven types; i.e., wood, vinyl, fiber, Styrofoam, food, paper and plastic. We then performed a combustion test using a cone calorimeter that is used widely for evaluating the combustion properties of combustible materials, to evaluate the heat release rate, smoke production rate, carbon monoxide production, carbon dioxide product...

متن کامل

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Complex Fire-Retardants on the Fire Properties of Ultra-low Density Fiberboard (ULDF)

The preparation conditions of complex fire-retardant (FR) agents containing boron compounds (BF, X1), nitrogen-phosphorus compounds (NPF, X2), silicon compounds (SF, X3), and halogen compounds (HF, X4) for ultra-low density fiberboard (ULDF) were optimized using a response surface methodology. The effects and interactions of X1, X2, X3, and X4 on the fire properties of ULDF were investigated. A...

متن کامل

Effect of Clay Network Formation on Flame Retardancy of Polyethylene terephthalate/montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Considering the importance of determining potential hazards and factors that can cause anunexpected fire and due to the important role of nanotechnology to achieve more effectiveproperties, this paper presents our experiments on preparing nanocomposites based onPoly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) and montmorillonite (MMT) as organoclay via meltblending with different clay loadings to investigate ...

متن کامل

Properties of Flat-Pressed Wood Plastic Composites Containing Fire Retardants

This study investigated physical, mechanical, and fire properties of the flat-pressed wood plastic composites (WPCs) incorporated with various fire retardants (FRs) [5 or 15% by weight (wt)] at 50 wt % of the wood flour (WF). The WPC panels were made from dryblended WF, polypropylene (PP) with maleic anhydridegrafted PP (2 wt %), and FR powder formulations using a conventional flat-pressing pro...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013